A selection of English ESL to be sentence patterns. beginner. printables

This is "to be" sentence practice for beginners. The objective is to write either the singular "It is a" or the plural "They are" sentence structures. Examples are:

It is a dog. They are cats. It is a pencil. They are coins. etc.



The question form is introduced on the second page: "Is it?" and "are they?", and students must answer the question depending on whether it matches the picture. For example;



(A picture of a cat is shown) Question: Is it a cat? Answer: "Yes, it's a cat."



(Flowers are shown) Question: Are they fruits? Answer: "No, they are flowers." etc.



The instructions for the worksheet are translated into English here:



Page 1: Marvin the Martian is visiting Earth for the first time.

Help him identify these things.

Unfortunately, his translator is broken. He can only translate English.



Page 2: Marvin thinks he has a better understanding of the world, but now he wants to identify things himself. He asks you what something is. Correct him if he is wrong. If he is right, say "yes" to him.

To be Marvin

I hope it 'll be useful for kids.Here they can practice Let's./, Shall I/we ,  Why don't you,  How/what about  .in their daily life.They are going to complete the sentences with suggestions pattern which I mentioned above.

SUGGESTIONS

Objectives:

1. To be able to give greetings and make introductions.

2. To be able to ask about and deliver personal information.



Sentence Patterns:

Hi, my name is... . (Hi, my name's….)

What's your name? It's….

How do you spell it?

Where are you from? I'm from ... .

What's your nationality? I'm ... .

What's your phone number? It's…

Where do you live? I live in…

What's your address? It's…



Grammar: Wh - questions and statements with “be”.



Possessive: my, your



Related Vocabulary:

nationality, spell, live, address, phone number



Important Sentences:

What's your name?

How do you spell it?

Where are you from?

Where do you live?

What's your address?

What's your phone number?

Greetings and Introductions

It appears that, nowadays, everybody is in a rush and desires items to happen immediately. You want to try everything faster: communicate fast, move rapidly, and talk faster!



But may no one is able. For instance, we all know that language learning should really have a lengthy time. There are various rules and words you need to learn. You need to practice and don't forget a lot of things.



However, you might think about: how do i learn British fast?



On the web, you'll find many cheap essay writers(https://BuyEssayAsap.com/cheap-essay-writer/) on British language teaching. What tips in the event you follow to understand British fast? You may choose the training techniques that work good for you. However that means you need to try various ways before you decide to find your preferred. Quite simply, you need to spend your time trying different methodologies which are useless before you discover the perfect one.



If you're wanting to learn British, then settled as to the the science states!



The science of learning



Learning is really a critical field of study for scientists. For the reason that the opportunity to learn complex languages is one thing that differentiates humans from creatures.



Science knows the way the mind works (typically) and also the logic behind dental language and learning.



Many research concentrate on how humans learn languages. Some investigation attempts to understand why and how we learn words, while some study the advantages of speaking several language. Similarly, some studies focus solely on babies (who're excellent at learning languages), while some take a look at adults.



As you can tell, there are lots of studies! What would you use all of this information?



By understanding why and how we learn languages, you are able to enhance your British skills faster and simpler.



Take a look at these research regarding how to learn British fast at this time!



How you can learn British fast with 7 scientific tips



1. Listen to numerous British



What science states:



Scientists have particular terms for one way we learn languages: unconscious or implicit learning. In this sort of education, it's not necessary to spend time at a desk and focus grammar rules again and again.



Implicit learning happens without you trying. All you need to do is listen to numerous British without having to pay attention. Whenever you hear the seem of British without anyone's knowledge, your mind instantly absorbs the sounds, accents, words, and grammar, even when you are not having to pay attention or taking notes.



The good thing is you can learn without comprehending the concept of the language. Several research has shown that you'll be able to learn any language by doing this. Through this process, multiple people have discovered false languages that scientists invented for his or her research.



The reason behind this phenomenon is based on the patterns of language. Whenever you pay attention to a particular style, you identify patterns. This is the way children learn! Babies do not understand language, so that all they are able to do is look. So that they spend all of their time listening carefully towards the language around them until, within the finish, they do know the meanings from the words.



You skill:



Pay attention to just as much British as possible. Whenever you receive a chance, make certain your playback sounds in British, whether inside your room or office.



Watch Television programs or pay attention to music or audiobooks in British. Visit places where one can hear native loudspeakers from the language. It's not necessary to concentrate an excessive amount of on listening. You can easily walk around, benefit from the scenery, wash the bathroom, read a magazine, exercise, finish your research, or work when you listen.



It does not appear you need to do. Should you pay attention to sounds in British, it's easy to enhance your skills.



2. Be aware of similarities



What science states:



Fortunately, we've got some great news. Based on this research, all people are born having the ability to distinguish sounds which make sense. Although all languages will vary, they share some similarities.



For instance, however some British words start with the letters "BL" (like "blink"), there's no term that begins with the letters "LB." Just attempt to pronounce that seem. It does not seem sensible! Some sounds don't make sense at all, even going to babies who can't speak.



What else could you do:



Take this into account when you are learning British.



If you discover a thing or seem that does not seem sensible, odds are it does not appear in the word what.



Also, understanding that some sounds don't appear in British, you are able to enhance your spelling. For instance, if you wish to spell the term "ghost" properly and you do not know when the "h" comes prior to the "g," repeat the word aloud. By trying to state "ghost," the "GH" seem is meaningless. Right? However, the "GH" seem is affordable. Utilize it!



3. Learn new sounds individually



What science states:



British can alter the way in which your mind works. Surprisingly, if you realise a brand new language, you are able to enhance your mental abilities! One study discovered that learning energizes the development of song from the brain. And also the greater the development, the simpler it's to understand a brand new language.



However, probably the most exciting factor the experiment found would be that the brain reacts differently to each seem.



For instance, the letters "L" and "R" can be tough to understand for individuals whose languages don't have distinct sounds for every letter (such as the Japanese). The research discovered that when native British loudspeakers heard the letters "L" and "R," a double edged sword from the brain were activated. But, within the situation from the Japanese, just one area of the brain was activated.



You skill:



Before you speak and understand British like a native speaker, you need to discover the sounds. This publication is filled with valuable details about British sounds and just how they're pronounced.



Pick which sounds are hardest for you personally and focus them.



How you can learn British fast? Some experiments show that you could discover the sounds within an hour or so should you pay attention to them in a deficient speed - that's fast!



You do not need any special software to experience the sounds gradually, because YouTube will it for you personally. Have some videos that demonstrate the seem (or sounds) you need to hear. For instance, this is a great video with various words which use the letters "R" and "L."



4. Use word associations



What science states:



Word associations connect words, sounds, movements, ideas, or images. For instance, should you hear the background music "meow," you affiliate it having a cat. If you notice an image from the sun, you instantly affiliate it using the words "sun," "warm," and "hot. It's not something should consider, because the words spring to mind immediately.



Learning British words through association isn't just fun but additionally quite helpful. Several scientists conducted research on sign language, a kind of communication that deaf individuals have that utilizes hands and finger movements rather of sounds.



The experiment found that it's much simpler to keep in mind signs that resemble the item they represent. For instance, it's not hard to recall the sign for "eat" because it appears as though an individual eating, while it's difficult to keep in mind signs that do not seem like the term.



You skill:



Learn new words inside a group. Combine a reputation having a picture, a movement, or any other word. With this particular connection in your mind, you'll be able to keep in mind all of the concepts more rapidly.



Move both hands and the body to exhibit this is from the words (a minimum of before you remember them easily). You may also draw some pictures rather of writing lower the definitions from the terms.



One fun activity would be to draw the language so they seem like the things they mean - see this example within the Google picture search and abide by it! This exercise won't assist you to recall the meanings, but the spelling.



5. Remember patterns, not rules



Are you able to repeat the pattern? The opportunity to remember and repeat patterns can be very helpful for learning a brand new language.



Within this research, scientists demonstrated several students some figures. Languages have patterns. And, if you discover the designs, you can study the word what easier.



You skill:



Maybe you've already stayed staring at the rules of British grammar and spellig. But rather of seeing them as rules, consider them as patterns.



Let us take a look at a good example of regular past tense. The rule states, "To alter a normal verb right into a past tense, add 'ED' in the finish if you're able to recall the rule verbatim, perfect! For many people, it's confusing what these rules have to do with unless of course we have seen them for action.



To determine this rule like a pattern, just focus on this number of regular verbs as well as their past tense conjugation.



Rain - Rained



Want - Wanted



Learn - Learned



Begin to see the pattern? Let us take the next phase. The following number of words has some variations in the previous one.



Plan - Planned



Rot - Rotted



Stop - Stopped



Begin to see the difference? What is the pattern? Of these last three verbs, there's a guide that states: "Whenever a verb leads to a consonant or vowel-consonant, the final letter is repeated before adding "Erectile dysfunction."



So, next time you've trouble memorizing the guidelines, just take notice of the patterns.



6. Learn Phrases, Not Words



What science states:



ome words get one meaning when they are alone, however a different sense when they are grouped along with other words. Whenever you hear or read a sentence in British, search for such groups of words.



For instance, the sentence "I ran around" means that you're playing around aimlessly. However, should you add two more words, their meaning changes completely. For instance: "I ran round the park" = "I ran with the park. It can help you find out more about the sentence and also the words inside it.



You might not find this surprising, but until lately, linguists thought that humans hear the entire sentence after which break it lower into parts. However, one study discovered that word order could be more essential compared to entire sentence.



You skill:



Learning individual words can be challenging, as they've already several meanings. Don't believe use a name only knowing its general purpose. Therefore, when you wish to grow your vocabulary, search for words in sentences.



For instance, the term "retrospect" means "to evaluate yesteryear condition of something. However, you'll most likely never make use of this term without having to put the term "in" first. For instance: "Looking back, I should not have eaten the entire cake. Read the way test is manufactured, and you'll be in a position to speak British more naturally.



7. Learn with music



What science states:



Remember individuals nursery rhymes you accustomed to sing whenever you were a child? Surely you may still sing them today, even though you learned them a lengthy time ago. How will you remember them very well?



Music is a valuable part of children's learning. This is exactly why you will find children's models to understand figures, letters, vowels, and words. Repeating songs and music helps children remember essential areas of the word what.



Adults may study easier through music. Language is usually considered an important skill, while music isn't. However, one study claims that the techniques for figuring out music and poetry are extremely similar which both skills are essential. For instance, we discover "ba" and "da" are a couple of different sounds in the same manner that people notice that a trumpet along with a piano are a couple of instruments with various sounds.

How to learn English fast 7 methods for learning English according to science

Writing Basics: Style



A writer's style is what sets it apart from other writers. It's the way the writer "talks" to the reader. But how do you determine style? This article written by professionals of https://easywaypaper.com/ writing paper service explains it.

What is Style?

Style is what sets you apart from other writers. It's the way you write, how you "talk" to your writers. Style is unique, and every writer has their own. Here are some of the things that make up your style:

Diction: your word choice. Do you use simple or complex language? Do you use long or short words? Is your language concrete or abstract? Do you tailor your words to suit your intended readers?

Sentence Structure: the way your sentences are arranged. Do you use simple or complex sentences? Are your sentences usually long or short -- or even fragments? Do you place your clauses at the end of the sentence (periodic) or at the beginning (cumulative)?

 

Detail: how much do you give? Do you go into great depth or do you use sparse sentence descriptions?

Rhythm: the patterns of flow and movement in your writing. Do you use rhyme or alliteration (several words in close proximity that begin with the same sound)? How do you arrange your words and sentences? What types of repetition do you use?

Literary Devices: techniques that convey your meaning to the reader. Is your work full of imagery or symbolism? Do you use hyperbole (exaggeration) or irony (the sentence meaning is different from the literal one)? Do you use comparisons like simile (using "like" or "as") or metaphor (implying that one thing is actually another)? What about foreshadowing (hinting at things to come) or back-story (filling in what happened earlier)?

Dialogue: what your characters say to one another. Dialogue can reveal your own beliefs, biases, values and personal experience as a writer. 

Now that you know the basics, you can easily determine your style and enhance your unique writing voice.

 

Some Sample Style Problems (and a quick fix for each):

Here are some of the more common style problems that writers have:

Wordiness: saying more than you absolutely have to. Wordiness makes you come across more like a blustering politician than a professional writer, so you need to watch for it. 

Watch for clichés and substitute new ways of saying what you mean. Clichés are tired old ways of saying things "He bit off more than he could chew," "She was as good as gold," A rose by any other name," and many more.

Cut qualifiers like "very" or "really." Cut almost any adverb (they usually end in "-ly"). 

Watch for prepositional phrases ("an," "in," "for," "over," "of," "at," etc.) and cut them out. 

Watch for stock phrases (those things that "everyone says") and find a better way to say things. Stock phrases can include "the reason for," "in the event that," "in regards to", "it is possible that," "prior to," and many other "fluff" phrases that you hear in business.

Verb Troubles: passive voice and weak verbs, while grammatically correct, don't make the best writing. 

Passive voice uses a "to be" verb, and hides the actor by putting it somewhere after that action. "The newspaper was read," "The fire was set," New cars were displayed." The cure for that is to switch the sentence around and choose an action verb instead. "I read the newspaper," "The arsonist set the fire," "Volkswagen displayed their new cars." 

Weak verbs are the "to be" verbs and the "have" verbs. You can almost always replace those with stronger, more specific verbs that give a better image to the reader. "We were walking down the yellow brick road" becomes "We strode down the yellow brick road" and gives the reader a better idea of the action in the scene.



Writing Basics: Style

English idioms are an attractive, entertaining part of the language, but sometimes beginners pay too much attention. From this article written by essay-company writers (https://essaycompany.org/), you will learn what idioms are and whether they are worth remembering. The difference between an idiom and a proverb where butterflies in the stomach come from, and what it is that spoon that sucks with fear.



What are idioms?



Idioms or phraseological expressions are stable turns of speech, indecomposable combinations of words, understood, as a rule, in symbolic meaning. The meaning of its constituent words does not determine the importance of the whole expression. Often the sense of an idiom is difficult to guess, to understand from its constituent words if you are not familiar with it.



For example: to be in the same boat. It means "to be in the same situation, to experience the same difficulties.



"I understand your problem. We are in the same boat."



Idioms are called stable, indecomposable combinations because they are used in a fixed form. For example, no one says to sit together in the same boat or be in the same vessel. An idiom is used as a ready-made figurative pattern for some typical situations.



The meaning of the expression about the boat can probably be guessed, primarily when heard in context, but there are idioms whose purpose is impossible to imagine.



"I want to buy a Saturday night special, but I'm scared to own it."



Idioms are called stable, indecomposable combinations because they are used in a fixed form. For example, no one says to sit together in the same boat or be in the same vessel. An idiom is used as a ready-made figurative pattern for some typical situations.



"A rolling stone gathers no moss."



The meaning is a person who often changes his place of residence, occupation, never settles down, does not settle down. Accordingly, the equivalent would be: "he who does not sit still will not make a good living."



How many idioms are there in the English language?



There are thousands of idioms in English, but it is impossible to tell the exact number, just as it is impossible to say the precise number of words in the language. For example, the Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms (M. McCarthy, 1998) has 5782 dictionary entries, but that number doesn't say much.



English idioms are as much living units of speech as words, and their numbers are constantly changing. Some idioms live for centuries, while others quickly go out of use.



English idioms, proverbs, colloquial formulas, phrasal verbs, and other similar units of speech



Idioms can easily be confused with proverbs, various speech patterns, phrasal verbs. Even scientists sometimes find it difficult to distinguish them.



Idioms are a type of formulaiс language - stable, indecomposable expressions that should be understood and taught as a single unit of speech, rather than a group of words.



These patterns include:



1. Greetings and good wishes



How are you? 

Have a good day!



2. Prepositional groups or prepositional phrases



In a minute 

Once in a while



3. Proverbs, sayings, proverbs, quotations.



Bad news travels fast 

Buy the best, and you only cry once 



4. Phrasal verbs.



To look for

To sign in



5. To look for, to look for, sign in, and register. 5.



Blond hair 

Deeply disappointed



6. Conversational speech formulas



You have to be kidding!

Do you see what I'm saying?



7. Idioms



A penny for your thought

To give the green light



As you can see, the line between idioms and similar expressions is sometimes tough to draw. For example, the phrasal verb to look for cannot be called an idiom - there is nothing conversational about it, that is, any symbolic meaning. But the phrasal verb to sail through can easily be confused with an idiom because it has a symbolic meaning.



В idioms, and even more so in various collections of phrases on the Internet, are often found not only in dictionaries but in everything that remotely resembles them. It has at least a hint of idiom, including individual words with symbolic meanings.



How much knowledge of English idioms is necessary?



Sometimes I think that English idioms are almost the first necessity because they are ubiquitous in English.



Honestly, not that often.



It is beneficial and exciting to know idioms, but there is no point in learning them on purpose. Let's consider two cases: knowing idioms for their use in speech and understanding speech or text.



1. Use of idioms in speech



Many idioms have a stylistic coloring, are used in informal speech, are characteristic of some social or age groups. 



2. Understanding idioms



In my experience, I can say that when speaking to native speakers, idioms are rare. Often there are:



colloquial clichés,

phrasal verbs,

sentence groups.



But idioms, that is, turnips with symbolic meaning, like it rains cats and dogs when pigs fly, are rare. Your interlocutors understand that English is not your native language and try to speak without much difficulty.



By the way, many have noticed that when you talk to a foreigner in the company, you understand him well, but when they talk to each other, nothing is understandable. People talk to each other in their everyday language without making allowance for the "foreignness" of the interlocutor, so their speech can be dotted with slang and incomprehensible jokes.



Do I need to learn idioms?



If you have recently started studying English, you still have a small vocabulary, and reading a page of English text gives you a headache. You do not need to learn, memorize English idioms by heart actively. Idioms are quite an advanced part of the language, not a priority initially. If you discover a list of 100 or 200 idioms, in practical terms, it will give you very little because they are not so common, but your head will be scored thoroughly.



But idioms are perceived by many as an attractive, curious part of language, something like amazing facts or "did you know that...?" In that case, idioms can just be read at your leisure as something entertaining.



But if you're actively reading and listening in English, you'll sometimes encounter idioms. I think you should memorize them at a comprehension level, but there is no point in learning them so solidly that you can use them freely in speech - they are not such ordinary and necessary expressions.



Fortunately, memorizing idioms at the comprehension level is relatively easy, thanks to their vividness, imagery, and sometimes an entertaining origin story. The unusual and vivid things are best imprinted on the memory.



Popular English idioms with translation - a selection from personal experience



In conclusion, here is a selection of idioms that I have encountered in practice: I have not read them out of a textbook, but heard them from someone, met them while reading, and for some reason, they stuck in my memory. Here is my list of popular idioms.



Piece of cake - easy as pie, like a piece of cake.



It's an expression I learned as a kid. In Terminator 2, John Connor, the future savior of humanity, hacks into an ATM with some electronic device and steals money from it. "Piece of cake," John says and runs away.



To ring a bell - to remind you of something, to ring a bell.



The idiom has been seen several times in movies and detectives and is remembered because of the imagery. The ringing of a bell symbolizes a sudden thought.



Rule of thumb - A simple rule of thumb, an approximate way of judging letters.



The rule of thumb is a simple, practical method of not measuring something accurately. Linguist Paul Nation likes to use the expression in scientific papers and lectures.



The origin of the idiom is not precisely established. One version says that the "rule of thumb" came from the old carpenters' way of measuring - with a finger, not a measuring instrument. Everyone's fingers, of course, are different, so such a "tape measure" was not distinguished by accuracy but was easy to use. According to another version, the expression came from an alleged law in England, according to which the husband was allowed to beat his spouse with a stick, but not thicker than his thumb.



To have a crush on someone.



The expression is often found in youth comedies, teen literature, and sitcoms such as "The Friends" or "How I Met Your Mother.



Different ball game 



It's an expression I've only heard from one person, but many times. Do you know how some people have favorite words and phrases? Just such a case in point. An acquaintance of mine in America, a kindly elderly uncle who loved to spout wisdom and talk about the old days, used to say things like.



Jumpscare, in horror movies: a sudden frightening of the viewer, literally: a jump scare.



One of the essential and most effective scare tools in the horror movie and game makers' arsenal, which is why I don't like the genre. In its most primitive form, it looks like this.



The hero sneaks down the dark hallway of a vampire castle with a flashlight, the music building up a tense atmosphere. He approaches a large mirror on the wall, and then there is a rustle, and a shadow flashes behind him. The hero sharply turns around and sees that it is just a mouse. He exhales and says, "It's just a damn mouse!" and turns to the mirror, AND THERE!!! Plus a robust and squealing sound effect. Such scares make the viewer jump on the spot (apparently, hence the name).



The device is hackneyed among genre fans who have resorted to it in a cheap horror movie. In good horror, scare in much more subtle, profound ways, forcing not just the occasional jumping out, dropping popcorn, and the entire film to sit in suspense, and by the end just burning your nervous system to the ground.



I was introduced to this cinematic term when I watched the walkthrough of the super scary game PT on YouTube. Someone wrote in the comments that the frequent use of jump scare frustrated him - such a good game and such a cheap trick.



The bottom line is the gist, summary, lit.: bottom line, bottom line, bottom line.



This idiom means approximately the same: inference, conclusion. For example, a long article may end with a paragraph called "Conclusion" or "The Bottom Line. 



Street smart 



I heard the expression in a conversation with an American journalist, John Alpert. He said he had never been super bright, except for being street smart.



Street smart is a smartness acquired not at school and over books, but on the street, in life, in everyday life. It is also understood in a narrower sense: the ability to survive on the street.

English Idioms By EssayCompany: what are they, and should you learn them?

Culture, intercultural communication, cross-cultural communication

Adjectives to describe feelings, emotions

Adjectives to describe personality and character

Adjectives: Gradable / Non-gradable adjectives

Articles: Definite or indefinite article (a, an or the)

BE + infinitive structures (e.g. he was to become famous)

Clauses of contrast (e.g.  although, while)

Clauses of purpose (e.g. in order to, so that, so as to)

Clauses of reason (e.g. because, because of, due to, as, since)

Cleft sentences (e.g. It's Joey we're looking for)

Comparison: Comparative adjectives and structures

Comparison: Superlative adjectives and structures

Conditional 2 (second conditional) - would

Conditionals: Conditional phrases (e.g. unless, provided that, as long as)

Conjunctions (aka connectives, e.g. and, but, or, so, then)

Contractions (shortened forms, e.g. don't, aren't, etc.)

Determiners (words that can come before nouns)

Formal and informal English (politeness or colloquial language)

Future perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Future perfect simple and continuous (progressive) tense

Future phrases (e.g. be about to, bound to, likely to, due to, set to + INF)

Homonyms (two words with the same pronunciation - homophones and homographs)

It as preparatory subject (e.g. it's raining, it's nice of you to)

Linking verbs (aka copulas, e.g. I am a student)

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Nouns: Collective nouns (team, class, family, committee)

Nouns: Proper nouns (names of people, cities, companies)

Oxymorons (phrases with words of contradictory meaning, e.g. living dead)

Participles: Past participle (e.g. HAVING DONE)

Participles: Present participle (e.g. DOING)

Parts of Speech (aka word classes, e.g. nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs)

Past perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Phonetics (pronunciation, IPA, phonetic symbols)

Plural nouns: regular plurals with S ending

Prefixes (e.g. A, UN, IM, DIS, MIS, EN, etc. )

Prepositions vs adverbs (e.g. before me, saw him before.)

Prepositions: Double prepositions (e.g. out of)

Prepositions: Participle prepositions (e.g. pending, concerning)

Prepositions: Phrase prepositions (e.g. by means of)

Present perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Present perfect simple or present continuous tense

Present simple tense: S for third person singular verbs

Present simple vs continuous (progressive) tense

Pronouns: EACH OTHER, ONE ANOTHER (reciprocal pronouns)

Pronouns: Possessive pronouns (e.g. my, mine)

Pronouns: Reflexive pronouns (e.g. myself, yourself))

Pronouns: SOMEBODY, ANYBODY, EVERYBODY, NO ONE, NOTHING, etc.

Pronouns: THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE (demonstratives)

Pronouns: YOU and THEY to talk about people in general

Quantifiers (e.g. some, many, much, any, few, little)

Questions: WH questions (open-ended questions)

Reported speech: reported questions (indirect questions)

There is / there are / there was / there were / there will be, etc.

Verbs: Transitive or intransitive verbs (words that can or cannot stand with objects)

Working with Paragraphs: ordering, titling

Role play, miming, drama activity or improv game

Pictionary (picture dictionary) or picture matching

Writing an opinion essay (persuasive essay)

Learners who are Pre-A1 have just begun learning English and will first learn how to:<ul><li>Say the letters in the alphabet and numbers</li><li>Say hello, talk about names and age</li><li>Name the colors and dates, express likes and dislikes</li></ul>

Absolute beginners who have begun to learn the letters and numbers

Learners taking the A1 Elementary exam should be able to:<ul><li>Introduce themselves and ask and answer questions about personal details such as where he/she lives, things he/she has, people he/she knows.</li><li>Communicate using very basic phrases as long as the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: common adjectives & adverbs of frequency, going to, how much/how many, imperatives, I'd like, 's – possessive, common prepositions of place and time, present simple & continuous, there is/are</li></ul>

A very basic tourist level, which is enough for buying food and a bus ticket

Learners taking the A2 Pre-intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand sentences and frequently used expressions (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment).</li><li>Complete tasks that are routine and exchange information about familiar matters.</li><li>Describe matters of immediate need in simple terms.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: countable/uncountable nouns, adverbs of frequency, future will/going to, much/many, present perfect, past simple, past continuous, common phrasal verbs, common modals: can/should</li></ul>

A tourist who can do basic conversations about the past, present and future

Learners taking the B1 Intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand points regarding family, work, school or leisure-related topics.</li><li>Deal with most travel situations in areas where the language is spoken.</li><li>Create simple texts on topics of personal interest.</li><li>Describe experiences, events, dreams, and ambitions, as well as opinions or plans in brief.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: question tags, intensifiers: too/enough, future tenses, past tenses, modals, conditionals, wh-questions in the past</li></ul>

Learners who can deal with both familiar and routine situations, in friendly and work contexts

Learners taking the B2 Upper-intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialization.</li><li>Interact with fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without difficulty for either party.</li><li>Produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain an opinion on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: perfect tenses, mixed conditionals, modals in the present, phrasal verbs, reported speech, wish, relative clauses</li></ul>

The level where you can be a tour guide for your foreign friends and talk about a lot of topics, even abstract ones, with ease and fluency

Learners taking the C1 Advanced exam should be able to: Express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts. Produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, using linking phrases (=words that connect ideas between sentences). Main grammar points to know: inversion, mixed conditionals, modals in the past, all passive forms, phrasal verbs (all patterns), wish/if only for regrets

Learners who can smoothly communicate in every walk of life, read long texts and write well

Learners taking the C2 Proficient exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand almost everything read or heard with ease.</li><li>Summarize information from a variety of sources into a coherent presentation.</li><li>Express themselves using precise meaning in complex scenarios.</li><li>Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations</li></ul>

Get here and you are ready to study in English at university

6 To be sentence patterns. Beginner. English ESL worksheets pdf & doc