A selection of English ESL we are going to be friends printables

We are going to be Friends- Song worksheet (Wonder film).

An ideal song to work with the values of real friendship. It's easy to solve. 

I used this version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1kYF9nyNAM

Hope you all enjoy it!

We are going to be Friends- Song worksheet (Wonder film)

You may present the gerund as an ailien who resembles some parts of speech in your own language (there are some languages which don´t have such category), but has some differences and peculiarities of his own. He is very nice and active, he is always doing something and that´s why everything he says and does means a process. He likes some prepositional objects and often plays with them. Today we are going to make friends with them, too. The ws was designed to imitate outer space. The diagram on the first page is designed so that the viewer had an optical illusion of moving lines and an object in the cenre of the diagram. Pay attention of your students to this fact. They will remember it and it wouldn´t be hard for them to explain its grammatical meaning, i.e. process. 

PREPOSITIONAL VERBS FOLLOWED BY THE GERUND

English idioms are an attractive, entertaining part of the language, but sometimes beginners pay too much attention. From this article written by essay-company writers (https://essaycompany.org/), you will learn what idioms are and whether they are worth remembering. The difference between an idiom and a proverb where butterflies in the stomach come from, and what it is that spoon that sucks with fear.



What are idioms?



Idioms or phraseological expressions are stable turns of speech, indecomposable combinations of words, understood, as a rule, in symbolic meaning. The meaning of its constituent words does not determine the importance of the whole expression. Often the sense of an idiom is difficult to guess, to understand from its constituent words if you are not familiar with it.



For example: to be in the same boat. It means "to be in the same situation, to experience the same difficulties.



"I understand your problem. We are in the same boat."



Idioms are called stable, indecomposable combinations because they are used in a fixed form. For example, no one says to sit together in the same boat or be in the same vessel. An idiom is used as a ready-made figurative pattern for some typical situations.



The meaning of the expression about the boat can probably be guessed, primarily when heard in context, but there are idioms whose purpose is impossible to imagine.



"I want to buy a Saturday night special, but I'm scared to own it."



Idioms are called stable, indecomposable combinations because they are used in a fixed form. For example, no one says to sit together in the same boat or be in the same vessel. An idiom is used as a ready-made figurative pattern for some typical situations.



"A rolling stone gathers no moss."



The meaning is a person who often changes his place of residence, occupation, never settles down, does not settle down. Accordingly, the equivalent would be: "he who does not sit still will not make a good living."



How many idioms are there in the English language?



There are thousands of idioms in English, but it is impossible to tell the exact number, just as it is impossible to say the precise number of words in the language. For example, the Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms (M. McCarthy, 1998) has 5782 dictionary entries, but that number doesn't say much.



English idioms are as much living units of speech as words, and their numbers are constantly changing. Some idioms live for centuries, while others quickly go out of use.



English idioms, proverbs, colloquial formulas, phrasal verbs, and other similar units of speech



Idioms can easily be confused with proverbs, various speech patterns, phrasal verbs. Even scientists sometimes find it difficult to distinguish them.



Idioms are a type of formulaiс language - stable, indecomposable expressions that should be understood and taught as a single unit of speech, rather than a group of words.



These patterns include:



1. Greetings and good wishes



How are you? 

Have a good day!



2. Prepositional groups or prepositional phrases



In a minute 

Once in a while



3. Proverbs, sayings, proverbs, quotations.



Bad news travels fast 

Buy the best, and you only cry once 



4. Phrasal verbs.



To look for

To sign in



5. To look for, to look for, sign in, and register. 5.



Blond hair 

Deeply disappointed



6. Conversational speech formulas



You have to be kidding!

Do you see what I'm saying?



7. Idioms



A penny for your thought

To give the green light



As you can see, the line between idioms and similar expressions is sometimes tough to draw. For example, the phrasal verb to look for cannot be called an idiom - there is nothing conversational about it, that is, any symbolic meaning. But the phrasal verb to sail through can easily be confused with an idiom because it has a symbolic meaning.



В idioms, and even more so in various collections of phrases on the Internet, are often found not only in dictionaries but in everything that remotely resembles them. It has at least a hint of idiom, including individual words with symbolic meanings.



How much knowledge of English idioms is necessary?



Sometimes I think that English idioms are almost the first necessity because they are ubiquitous in English.



Honestly, not that often.



It is beneficial and exciting to know idioms, but there is no point in learning them on purpose. Let's consider two cases: knowing idioms for their use in speech and understanding speech or text.



1. Use of idioms in speech



Many idioms have a stylistic coloring, are used in informal speech, are characteristic of some social or age groups. 



2. Understanding idioms



In my experience, I can say that when speaking to native speakers, idioms are rare. Often there are:



colloquial clichés,

phrasal verbs,

sentence groups.



But idioms, that is, turnips with symbolic meaning, like it rains cats and dogs when pigs fly, are rare. Your interlocutors understand that English is not your native language and try to speak without much difficulty.



By the way, many have noticed that when you talk to a foreigner in the company, you understand him well, but when they talk to each other, nothing is understandable. People talk to each other in their everyday language without making allowance for the "foreignness" of the interlocutor, so their speech can be dotted with slang and incomprehensible jokes.



Do I need to learn idioms?



If you have recently started studying English, you still have a small vocabulary, and reading a page of English text gives you a headache. You do not need to learn, memorize English idioms by heart actively. Idioms are quite an advanced part of the language, not a priority initially. If you discover a list of 100 or 200 idioms, in practical terms, it will give you very little because they are not so common, but your head will be scored thoroughly.



But idioms are perceived by many as an attractive, curious part of language, something like amazing facts or "did you know that...?" In that case, idioms can just be read at your leisure as something entertaining.



But if you're actively reading and listening in English, you'll sometimes encounter idioms. I think you should memorize them at a comprehension level, but there is no point in learning them so solidly that you can use them freely in speech - they are not such ordinary and necessary expressions.



Fortunately, memorizing idioms at the comprehension level is relatively easy, thanks to their vividness, imagery, and sometimes an entertaining origin story. The unusual and vivid things are best imprinted on the memory.



Popular English idioms with translation - a selection from personal experience



In conclusion, here is a selection of idioms that I have encountered in practice: I have not read them out of a textbook, but heard them from someone, met them while reading, and for some reason, they stuck in my memory. Here is my list of popular idioms.



Piece of cake - easy as pie, like a piece of cake.



It's an expression I learned as a kid. In Terminator 2, John Connor, the future savior of humanity, hacks into an ATM with some electronic device and steals money from it. "Piece of cake," John says and runs away.



To ring a bell - to remind you of something, to ring a bell.



The idiom has been seen several times in movies and detectives and is remembered because of the imagery. The ringing of a bell symbolizes a sudden thought.



Rule of thumb - A simple rule of thumb, an approximate way of judging letters.



The rule of thumb is a simple, practical method of not measuring something accurately. Linguist Paul Nation likes to use the expression in scientific papers and lectures.



The origin of the idiom is not precisely established. One version says that the "rule of thumb" came from the old carpenters' way of measuring - with a finger, not a measuring instrument. Everyone's fingers, of course, are different, so such a "tape measure" was not distinguished by accuracy but was easy to use. According to another version, the expression came from an alleged law in England, according to which the husband was allowed to beat his spouse with a stick, but not thicker than his thumb.



To have a crush on someone.



The expression is often found in youth comedies, teen literature, and sitcoms such as "The Friends" or "How I Met Your Mother.



Different ball game 



It's an expression I've only heard from one person, but many times. Do you know how some people have favorite words and phrases? Just such a case in point. An acquaintance of mine in America, a kindly elderly uncle who loved to spout wisdom and talk about the old days, used to say things like.



Jumpscare, in horror movies: a sudden frightening of the viewer, literally: a jump scare.



One of the essential and most effective scare tools in the horror movie and game makers' arsenal, which is why I don't like the genre. In its most primitive form, it looks like this.



The hero sneaks down the dark hallway of a vampire castle with a flashlight, the music building up a tense atmosphere. He approaches a large mirror on the wall, and then there is a rustle, and a shadow flashes behind him. The hero sharply turns around and sees that it is just a mouse. He exhales and says, "It's just a damn mouse!" and turns to the mirror, AND THERE!!! Plus a robust and squealing sound effect. Such scares make the viewer jump on the spot (apparently, hence the name).



The device is hackneyed among genre fans who have resorted to it in a cheap horror movie. In good horror, scare in much more subtle, profound ways, forcing not just the occasional jumping out, dropping popcorn, and the entire film to sit in suspense, and by the end just burning your nervous system to the ground.



I was introduced to this cinematic term when I watched the walkthrough of the super scary game PT on YouTube. Someone wrote in the comments that the frequent use of jump scare frustrated him - such a good game and such a cheap trick.



The bottom line is the gist, summary, lit.: bottom line, bottom line, bottom line.



This idiom means approximately the same: inference, conclusion. For example, a long article may end with a paragraph called "Conclusion" or "The Bottom Line. 



Street smart 



I heard the expression in a conversation with an American journalist, John Alpert. He said he had never been super bright, except for being street smart.



Street smart is a smartness acquired not at school and over books, but on the street, in life, in everyday life. It is also understood in a narrower sense: the ability to survive on the street.

English Idioms By EssayCompany: what are they, and should you learn them?

Here are the 20 best English slangs by magiclearning (   https://www.magiclearning.com/) and their meaning to take your language learning to the next level, so you can move like a native speaker and get your tourist brand off. It's time to aim for the informal.



Do you know what slangs are?



English slangs are nothing more than colloquial or informal words.



You don't learn all the slang in English classes, but they are certainly there and are part of the language.



Any culture has reconverted or transformed words that many can describe as "street slang."



In reality, English slangs are like any other idioms that gradually transform the language or are used in specific situations.



Most of them are just the product of slight changes that are not usually decisive from one moment to the next, but they do not cease to exist and coexist in parallel with the regulated words.



Why should I learn Slangs in English?



Because when you learn a language, it is one of the most challenging aspects; for example, in the UK, there coexist as many accents as variations of slang in English.



It wouldn't hurt to learn a few terms to get a complete education of the language.



Classes give you a formal grounding in the language, but you should not underestimate the importance of English idioms because, after all, everyone uses them.



In conversation, using these colloquial English words allows you to relax and maintain a level of confidence that you wouldn't get if you spoke like the gentlemen at the round table all the time.



Also, when traveling or meeting native speakers, it will be a great help. It's not about mispronouncing words in English. It's about knowing idioms that can help you in an informal situation.



Try as you might maintain formality, the reality is that you won't always be at a conference speaking like an encyclopedia. You will have to go out on the street and deal with colloquial English words most of the time.



It doesn't mean you have to become a gangster, but consider that many, regardless of race and social strata, speak this way, and you should adopt as best you can.



Another good reason to learn English slang is to have fun with friends without sounding like you came out of a library. This vocabulary is basic for everyday social situations.



Learning the idioms will help you in understanding the language. It will be a way to expand your vocabulary and study accents and intonations in depth.



Top 20 slangs in English



Enough chitchat, here are the 20 best slangs in English and their meaning so you can immerse yourself in the Anglo-Saxon culture as you should.



Practice these phrases and make them part of your English vocabulary.



1. Bloody: Widely used in movies and can substitute a swear word and emphasize something good or bad. You are very used by the British. Here is an example: "You're a bloody mess."



2. Dig: Although it means "dig," it is used when you like something. Example: "Hey, I dig your new shoes!" - Hey, I love your new shoes.



3. Ace: One theory suggests that this word came from Ace Ventura's movie with Jim Carrey. We're not sure about that, but what we do know is that it serves to highlight something fantastic.



4. Aye: An alternative and much more informal way to say "yes": "Can you come tonight? Aye" - Can you come tonight? Yes.



5. Tacky: Refers to something terrible, low quality: "Those shoes are tacky" - Those shoes are ugly.



6. Ledge: An abbreviation of Legend is used to exaggerate the quality of a person, animal, or thing in a specific situation: "You are a ledge" - You are a legend.



7. Numpty: It would be the opposite of the ledge. It refers to a dumb or incompetent person: "What a complete numpty you are" - You are a complete idiot.



8. Bestie: It is another way of saying my best friend, Best Friends, and BFF: "You're my bestie" - You're my best friend.



9. Fierce: Means you're confident, attention-getting, or stylish: "You're fierce" - You're hot.



10. The fuzz: The police have many colloquial terms, some more derogatory than others, although this is one of the most common: "The fuzz took my license."



11. Crisps: One of the most used, it never goes out of fashion. Refers to potato chips: "They ate an entire bag of crisps!" - They ate an entire bag of crisps.



12. Fancy: It is an ancient idiom, but it is used to say when we like someone or want something: "I sure fancy her. Would you fancy a coffee?" - I sure fancy her. Would you prefer a cup of coffee?



13. Loaded: In any other situation, it would mean loaded, but as an idiom, it is used to denote a person with a lot of money: "That lady is loaded, look at her house."



14. Loony: One of the most beloved slangs, perhaps because it is mentioned in many movies or comedy series. It means crazy: "Adam is loony" - Adam is crazy.



15. Telly: It is common to invent idioms for what we are fond of, such as the television: "Turn on the telly! It's time for the show!" - Turn on the telly. It's time to watch the show!



16. Tosh: A rather crude neologism to say that someone is talking tosh when drunk: "She was talking tosh when drunk" - She was talking tosh when drunk.



17. Any road: Another way of saying, "anyway," it's not a way of cutting off the sentence, it's just a slightly "cooler" variant, so to speak: "So, any road, are you from Spain or Italy?" - So, anyway, are you from Spain or Italy?



18. Lass: Another one of the most common, it refers to something nice or sound in a girl, recommended to use it when defining that girl you like: "Sarah is such a good lass" - Sarah is such a good lass.



19. Earwig: Means to eavesdrop on someone else's conversation, although it is also a wake-up call, something like, "Ears, flies!": "Ana, don't earwig on your aunt!" - Ana, don't eavesdrop on your aunt!



20. Lad: The counterpart of Lass, it is used to talk about a boy, usually someone young: "He's a nice lad."



There you have it, a complete list with the best, most functional, and most used slang in English so that you can act like a native speaker without making a fool of yourself.



We recommend that you constantly practice with different groups to study and learn them as you should. If you have no way of mixing with the Anglo-Saxon culture, try social networks.



There you will find many people to share and chat with as much as you want, from anywhere in the world.



This list of the 20 best English slang may not be worthy of Shakespearean praise, but they are undoubtedly beneficial for everyday life; after all, not everything is in books.

MagicLearning Lesson "Top 20 Slangs in English and Their Meaning"

A dog is one of the most popular pets that people keep all over the world. The overwhelming majority of them tend to give dogs all they can. Keepers want their dogs to have totally comfortable lives, so they buy comfortable clothes, great toys, and the best rated dog food for their pets. Why does it happen exactly that way?



According to the research data available in different sources online, more and more families and lonely people decide to have dogs nowadays. What is the deal? How can you explain that? Maybe, people just feel better together with their beloved pets? That seems to be true. However, there are other reasons for a person to get a dog and, of course, keep it. Here below, you can find the best and most important reasons to have a dog nearby.



Before we proceed, though, it is important to note that the particular breed of a dog does not matter much here. You can choose the breed according to your preferences and criteria and still be confident that the factors below apply.



Walking with a Dog is Cool



Regular walking down the streets familiar to you can become much more exciting when your beloved dog is walking beside you. In addition, your wellbeing and physical shape receive a significant boost.



Why so? That is simple. Dog keepers just have to spend 30 minutes outside twice a day. That is the time when you exercise and breathe fresh air every day. A dog owner is forced to make walking their routine, so the new routine element improves their health a lot.



Dogs Help People Make Friends



Think about that. Many people decide to get and keep a dog due to the same simple reason: they are lonely. The point is, their loneliness is not acceptable for them, so such dog owners want to meet new people and make friends. Is it a problem?



It is not if you have a dog! As it was already mentioned, you need to walk with your dog in the evening without excuses. So, simply go to a local park in the evening together, and it will not be a challenge for you to make new contacts there.



Your Dog is Surely Your Friend



That is another reason for people to keep their pets with love and get top rated dog foods for them. People and even families can feel lonely not only when they feel it difficult to make new connections. The lack of trust is a completely different factor preventing them from having a friend or two.



When speaking of a dog, you can always be sure that its happy face when it sees you is entirely sincere. Your dog is absolutely satisfied to have such a good and kind keeper. 



Humans are social creatures who need love. Your dog’s love can add a lot of positivity to your regular days. It will make you smile much more frequently than you used to do before getting a pet! 



A Dog is an Effective and Free Antidepressant



You can relax and have fun easily while playing with your dog. At least, your routine responsibilities and activities will get out of your mind during that pet play session. That is extremely useful, especially regarding the crazy tempo of modern reality that does not allow people to relax at all.



Additionally, a dog can be your antidepressant or at least an effective mental healthcare assistant. Psychotherapists working with people who suffer from depression recommend their patients to spend more time with pets, such as cats or dogs. It is proven by science that playing with their beloved animals can increase the level of the “happiness hormone” (serotonin) in human blood. Why shouldn’t you use that effect to make your life brighter?



A Dog Cultivates Responsibility



Families deciding to get a dog frequently assume that their kids will become more responsible if there will be a pet in their house. However, that is only one part of the truth.



The other one is that the dog can cultivate responsibility not only in children. Adults become more self-confident and responsible when they own a dog, too. The point is, you can’t avoid caring about your dog, and that fact alone adds you a lot of mental and spiritual discipline.



To Conclude



If you are thinking about getting a dog for yourself or your children, you’ll have to take a bunch of connected responsibilities. However, a pet will give you a lot in return: friendship, love, faith, and the reason to go in for self-improvement.



Do you still have doubts?



Come on. Just go and get that dog already!



P.S. Don’t forget to visit toprateddogfoods.com to find out more about high-quality food for your pet. It deserves the best you can give!



The Reasons to Have a Dog

SOLUTION: The Fourth of July – it’s pretty huge in the United States, but do you know why? It’s more famously known as Independence Day and is a massive annual celebration and national holiday across all 50 states. On this date in 1776, Congress officially announced its independence from Great Britain and their ruler, King George the Third. The USA had been under British rule since the 1600s, when the British founded 13 colonies to make up the country: Virginia, New York, Massachusetts, Maryland, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Delaware, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Georgia. As these colonies grew, so too did unrest. Inhabitants were not happy at the taxes they were made to pay by the Brits, or the superior treatment they were expected to show to these impostors, so they rebelled: they decided that they needed to declare their independence in writing. Led by Thomas Jefferson, who would later go on to become the third US President, the Declaration was written, presented and finally accepted actually on 2nd July 1776, but announced to the world two days later on 4th July. This most famous piece of literature is now safeguarded at the National Archives in Washington DC. Its most famous line reads: “All men are created equally” and “are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights that include life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” Americans are extremely proud of this document and can often be heard quoting it during their annual July 4th celebrations. The whole country comes together for huge displays of patriotic celebrations on this day. Families and friends generally honour it with outdoor gatherings, as the weather across the country is usually good around this time—picnics, barbecues and house parties. Parades are held in most cities, where citizens dress in the red, white and blues of the American flag. We can hear the national anthem, “The Star-Spangled Banner”, being proudly sung all over the country, and fireworks always finish off the day’s festivities. New York City is reported to hold the biggest fireworks display each year, sponsored by the famous department store, Macy’s. Chips, dips, burgers, hotdogs and fries are some of the most popular foods eaten on Independence Day, and are nicely washed down with beer. Over 74 million Americans barbecue on this special day, when 150 million hotdogs and around 63 million cases of beer are consumed over Independence Day weekend. Hey! Where’s my invite? It’s not surprising to learn that over $7 billion was spent on foods solely for the holiday in 2021. Along with Thanksgiving and Christmas, and let’s not forget the majestical Super Bowl, Independence Day is one of the most celebrated occasions in the US, with around 85% of Americans saying they plan to commemorate it somehow.

US Independence Day (but worksheet in British English)

Native English speakers love to slip them into conversations, and you'll come across them often in books, TV series, and movies. To perfect your English, you need to use idioms with confidence and know the difference between "breaking a leg" and "pulling someone's leg."





1. Under the weather

What does it mean? To feel sick or unwell.



How is it used? We, English love, talk about the weather and do it very often, but don't let this common phrase fool you. If someone tells you they are feeling under the weather, your response should be, "I hope you get better," not "Do you want me to leave you my umbrella."



2. The ball is in your court

What does this mean? It's up to you



How do you use it? Now it's your turn to make a move, but this idiom refers more to life than to a sport. If you've got the ball, the decision is yours, and someone is waiting for you to make up your mind.



3. Break a leg

It means to wish someone luck.



How is it used? This idiom is not at all threatening. Often accompanied by a thumbs-up gesture, "Break a leg!" is a way of cheering someone up by wishing them luck. The expression has to do with the bows that theater actors take at the end of the play. If the performance is a success, they will have to bow so much that they might break a leg.



5. Pull someone's leg

It means to make a bad joke.



How is it used? All fans should learn this phrase of practical jokes. "Pull their leg" is similar to "wind someone up." In context: "Relax, I'm just pulling your leg!" or "Wait, are you pulling my leg?".



6. Through thick and thin

It means to be loyal in all circumstances.



How is it used? Often used to refer to family or a partner, "through thick and thin" means that you will support the other person no matter what, in good times and bad.



7. Once in a blue moon

It means rarely



How is it used? This charming phrase is used to describe something that doesn't happen often. Example: "I remember to call my parents from my study abroad trip once in a blue moon." More examples of using idioms at the text you can find here: https://www.wowessays.com/



8. It's the best thing since sliced bread

It means it's very, very good.



How is it used? Sliced bread must have been a revolution in England because since then, it has been used as the definitive reference for all things fabulous. We love it as much as we love tea.



9. Take it with a pinch of salt

It means don't take it too seriously.



How to use: "I heard that elephants can fly now, but Sam often makes up stories, so I take everything he says with a pinch of salt".



10. Go down in flames

It means to fail miserably.



How is it used? This phrase is quite obvious: "That exam went down in flames. I should have learned my English idioms."



11. You can say that again

It means that's true.



How is it used? It is usually exclaimed to say that you agree with something. When a friend says, "Ryan Reynolds is gorgeous!", you can reply, "You can say that again!".



12. Jump on the bandwagon

It means to follow a fashion.



How is it used? When someone starts doing something because it is fashionable or does it just because it looks good. An example related to brunch: "She doesn't even like avocado on toast. She's just jumping on the bandwagon".



13. Hit the sack

It means to go to bed.



How to use it? This idiom is straightforward to learn. I'm exhausted, and it's time for me to hit the sack!".



14. Miss the boat

It means it's too late.



How do you use it? Use it when you miss an opportunity or a deadline. "I forgot to apply for that study abroad program; now I've missed the boat".



15. By the skin of your teeth

What does it mean? Hardly



How do you use it: "Phew, I passed that exam by the skin of my teeth! I hope you pass your exams, but if you only give them by the skin of your teeth, you can use this expression.

15 English idioms everyone should know

Culture, intercultural communication, cross-cultural communication

Adjectives to describe feelings, emotions

Adjectives to describe personality and character

Adjectives: Gradable / Non-gradable adjectives

Articles: Definite or indefinite article (a, an or the)

BE + infinitive structures (e.g. he was to become famous)

Clauses of contrast (e.g.  although, while)

Clauses of purpose (e.g. in order to, so that, so as to)

Clauses of reason (e.g. because, because of, due to, as, since)

Cleft sentences (e.g. It's Joey we're looking for)

Comparison: Comparative adjectives and structures

Comparison: Superlative adjectives and structures

Conditional 2 (second conditional) - would

Conditionals: Conditional phrases (e.g. unless, provided that, as long as)

Conjunctions (aka connectives, e.g. and, but, or, so, then)

Contractions (shortened forms, e.g. don't, aren't, etc.)

Determiners (words that can come before nouns)

Formal and informal English (politeness or colloquial language)

Future perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Future perfect simple and continuous (progressive) tense

Future phrases (e.g. be about to, bound to, likely to, due to, set to + INF)

Homonyms (two words with the same pronunciation - homophones and homographs)

It as preparatory subject (e.g. it's raining, it's nice of you to)

Linking verbs (aka copulas, e.g. I am a student)

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how to express agreement /disagreement in English

how to express approval and disapproval  in English

how to express cause and effect in English

how to express interest in something in English

how to express likelihood, probability in English

how to express likes and dislikes in English

how to express sequence and chronology in English

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how to inform somebody about some news in English

how to interpret what was said in English

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how to make, accept and refuse offers in English

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Nouns: Collective nouns (team, class, family, committee)

Nouns: Proper nouns (names of people, cities, companies)

Oxymorons (phrases with words of contradictory meaning, e.g. living dead)

Participles: Past participle (e.g. HAVING DONE)

Participles: Present participle (e.g. DOING)

Parts of Speech (aka word classes, e.g. nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs)

Past perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Phonetics (pronunciation, IPA, phonetic symbols)

Plural nouns: regular plurals with S ending

Prefixes (e.g. A, UN, IM, DIS, MIS, EN, etc. )

Prepositions vs adverbs (e.g. before me, saw him before.)

Prepositions: Double prepositions (e.g. out of)

Prepositions: Participle prepositions (e.g. pending, concerning)

Prepositions: Phrase prepositions (e.g. by means of)

Present perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Present perfect simple or present continuous tense

Present simple tense: S for third person singular verbs

Present simple vs continuous (progressive) tense

Pronouns: EACH OTHER, ONE ANOTHER (reciprocal pronouns)

Pronouns: Possessive pronouns (e.g. my, mine)

Pronouns: Reflexive pronouns (e.g. myself, yourself))

Pronouns: SOMEBODY, ANYBODY, EVERYBODY, NO ONE, NOTHING, etc.

Pronouns: THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE (demonstratives)

Pronouns: YOU and THEY to talk about people in general

Quantifiers (e.g. some, many, much, any, few, little)

Questions: WH questions (open-ended questions)

Reported speech: reported questions (indirect questions)

There is / there are / there was / there were / there will be, etc.

Verbs: Transitive or intransitive verbs (words that can or cannot stand with objects)

Working with Paragraphs: ordering, titling

Role play, miming, drama activity or improv game

Pictionary (picture dictionary) or picture matching

Writing an opinion essay (persuasive essay)

Learners who are Pre-A1 have just begun learning English and will first learn how to:<ul><li>Say the letters in the alphabet and numbers</li><li>Say hello, talk about names and age</li><li>Name the colors and dates, express likes and dislikes</li></ul>

Absolute beginners who have begun to learn the letters and numbers

Learners taking the A1 Elementary exam should be able to:<ul><li>Introduce themselves and ask and answer questions about personal details such as where he/she lives, things he/she has, people he/she knows.</li><li>Communicate using very basic phrases as long as the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: common adjectives & adverbs of frequency, going to, how much/how many, imperatives, I'd like, 's – possessive, common prepositions of place and time, present simple & continuous, there is/are</li></ul>

A very basic tourist level, which is enough for buying food and a bus ticket

Learners taking the A2 Pre-intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand sentences and frequently used expressions (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment).</li><li>Complete tasks that are routine and exchange information about familiar matters.</li><li>Describe matters of immediate need in simple terms.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: countable/uncountable nouns, adverbs of frequency, future will/going to, much/many, present perfect, past simple, past continuous, common phrasal verbs, common modals: can/should</li></ul>

A tourist who can do basic conversations about the past, present and future

Learners taking the B1 Intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand points regarding family, work, school or leisure-related topics.</li><li>Deal with most travel situations in areas where the language is spoken.</li><li>Create simple texts on topics of personal interest.</li><li>Describe experiences, events, dreams, and ambitions, as well as opinions or plans in brief.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: question tags, intensifiers: too/enough, future tenses, past tenses, modals, conditionals, wh-questions in the past</li></ul>

Learners who can deal with both familiar and routine situations, in friendly and work contexts

Learners taking the B2 Upper-intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialization.</li><li>Interact with fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without difficulty for either party.</li><li>Produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain an opinion on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: perfect tenses, mixed conditionals, modals in the present, phrasal verbs, reported speech, wish, relative clauses</li></ul>

The level where you can be a tour guide for your foreign friends and talk about a lot of topics, even abstract ones, with ease and fluency

Learners taking the C1 Advanced exam should be able to: Express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts. Produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, using linking phrases (=words that connect ideas between sentences). Main grammar points to know: inversion, mixed conditionals, modals in the past, all passive forms, phrasal verbs (all patterns), wish/if only for regrets

Learners who can smoothly communicate in every walk of life, read long texts and write well

Learners taking the C2 Proficient exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand almost everything read or heard with ease.</li><li>Summarize information from a variety of sources into a coherent presentation.</li><li>Express themselves using precise meaning in complex scenarios.</li><li>Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations</li></ul>

Get here and you are ready to study in English at university

7 WE ARE GOING TO BE FRIENDS English ESL worksheets pdf & doc