A selection of English ESL finger printables

Culture, intercultural communication, cross-cultural communication

Adjectives to describe feelings, emotions

Adjectives to describe personality and character

Adjectives: Gradable / Non-gradable adjectives

Articles: Definite or indefinite article (a, an or the)

BE + infinitive structures (e.g. he was to become famous)

Clauses of contrast (e.g.  although, while)

Clauses of purpose (e.g. in order to, so that, so as to)

Clauses of reason (e.g. because, because of, due to, as, since)

Cleft sentences (e.g. It's Joey we're looking for)

Comparison: Comparative adjectives and structures

Comparison: Superlative adjectives and structures

Conditional 2 (second conditional) - would

Conditionals: Conditional phrases (e.g. unless, provided that, as long as)

Conjunctions (aka connectives, e.g. and, but, or, so, then)

Contractions (shortened forms, e.g. don't, aren't, etc.)

Determiners (words that can come before nouns)

Formal and informal English (politeness or colloquial language)

Future perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Future perfect simple and continuous (progressive) tense

Future phrases (e.g. be about to, bound to, likely to, due to, set to + INF)

Homonyms (two words with the same pronunciation - homophones and homographs)

It as preparatory subject (e.g. it's raining, it's nice of you to)

Linking verbs (aka copulas, e.g. I am a student)

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how to accuse somebody of something in English

how to apologize, say sorry, forgive and express regret in English

how to ask for information and make inquiries in English

how to ask for something, make requests in English

how to blame somebody for something in English

how to defend yourself from criticism in English

how to deny or admit something in English

how to describe things or people in English

how to emphasize important things in English

how to encourage or discourage people in English

how to evaluate people or progress in English

how to express agreement /disagreement in English

how to express approval and disapproval  in English

how to express cause and effect in English

how to express interest in something in English

how to express likelihood, probability in English

how to express likes and dislikes in English

how to express sequence and chronology in English

how to express shock and disbelief in English

how to express sympathy and condolences in English

how to give permission, authorization in English

how to inform somebody about some news in English

how to interpret what was said in English

how to keep a conversation going in English

how to make guesses about something in English

how to make, accept and refuse offers in English

how to order or make a booking in English

how to persuade, convince people in English

how to praise people and express appreciation in English

how to reassure somebody of something in English

how to refuse and object to something in English

how to remind people of something in English

how to rephrase, paraphrase what was said in English

how to say thank you, express gratitude in English

Nouns: Collective nouns (team, class, family, committee)

Nouns: Proper nouns (names of people, cities, companies)

Oxymorons (phrases with words of contradictory meaning, e.g. living dead)

Participles: Past participle (e.g. HAVING DONE)

Participles: Present participle (e.g. DOING)

Parts of Speech (aka word classes, e.g. nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs)

Past perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Phonetics (pronunciation, IPA, phonetic symbols)

Plural nouns: regular plurals with S ending

Prefixes (e.g. A, UN, IM, DIS, MIS, EN, etc. )

Prepositions vs adverbs (e.g. before me, saw him before.)

Prepositions: Double prepositions (e.g. out of)

Prepositions: Participle prepositions (e.g. pending, concerning)

Prepositions: Phrase prepositions (e.g. by means of)

Present perfect continuous (progressive) tense

Present perfect simple or present continuous tense

Present simple tense: S for third person singular verbs

Present simple vs continuous (progressive) tense

Pronouns: EACH OTHER, ONE ANOTHER (reciprocal pronouns)

Pronouns: Possessive pronouns (e.g. my, mine)

Pronouns: Reflexive pronouns (e.g. myself, yourself))

Pronouns: SOMEBODY, ANYBODY, EVERYBODY, NO ONE, NOTHING, etc.

Pronouns: THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE (demonstratives)

Pronouns: YOU and THEY to talk about people in general

Quantifiers (e.g. some, many, much, any, few, little)

Questions: WH questions (open-ended questions)

Reported speech: reported questions (indirect questions)

There is / there are / there was / there were / there will be, etc.

Verbs: Transitive or intransitive verbs (words that can or cannot stand with objects)

Working with Paragraphs: ordering, titling

Role play, miming, drama activity or improv game

Pictionary (picture dictionary) or picture matching

Writing an opinion essay (persuasive essay)

Learners who are Pre-A1 have just begun learning English and will first learn how to:<ul><li>Say the letters in the alphabet and numbers</li><li>Say hello, talk about names and age</li><li>Name the colors and dates, express likes and dislikes</li></ul>

Absolute beginners who have begun to learn the letters and numbers

Learners taking the A1 Elementary exam should be able to:<ul><li>Introduce themselves and ask and answer questions about personal details such as where he/she lives, things he/she has, people he/she knows.</li><li>Communicate using very basic phrases as long as the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: common adjectives & adverbs of frequency, going to, how much/how many, imperatives, I'd like, 's – possessive, common prepositions of place and time, present simple & continuous, there is/are</li></ul>

A very basic tourist level, which is enough for buying food and a bus ticket

Learners taking the A2 Pre-intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand sentences and frequently used expressions (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment).</li><li>Complete tasks that are routine and exchange information about familiar matters.</li><li>Describe matters of immediate need in simple terms.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: countable/uncountable nouns, adverbs of frequency, future will/going to, much/many, present perfect, past simple, past continuous, common phrasal verbs, common modals: can/should</li></ul>

A tourist who can do basic conversations about the past, present and future

Learners taking the B1 Intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand points regarding family, work, school or leisure-related topics.</li><li>Deal with most travel situations in areas where the language is spoken.</li><li>Create simple texts on topics of personal interest.</li><li>Describe experiences, events, dreams, and ambitions, as well as opinions or plans in brief.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: question tags, intensifiers: too/enough, future tenses, past tenses, modals, conditionals, wh-questions in the past</li></ul>

Learners who can deal with both familiar and routine situations, in friendly and work contexts

Learners taking the B2 Upper-intermediate exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialization.</li><li>Interact with fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without difficulty for either party.</li><li>Produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain an opinion on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options.</li><li>Main grammar points to know: perfect tenses, mixed conditionals, modals in the present, phrasal verbs, reported speech, wish, relative clauses</li></ul>

The level where you can be a tour guide for your foreign friends and talk about a lot of topics, even abstract ones, with ease and fluency

Learners taking the C1 Advanced exam should be able to: Express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts. Produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, using linking phrases (=words that connect ideas between sentences). Main grammar points to know: inversion, mixed conditionals, modals in the past, all passive forms, phrasal verbs (all patterns), wish/if only for regrets

Learners who can smoothly communicate in every walk of life, read long texts and write well

Learners taking the C2 Proficient exam should be able to:<ul><li>Understand almost everything read or heard with ease.</li><li>Summarize information from a variety of sources into a coherent presentation.</li><li>Express themselves using precise meaning in complex scenarios.</li><li>Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations</li></ul>

Get here and you are ready to study in English at university

A finger rhyme with actions followed by an easy worksheet which includes writing and counting exercises. Suitable for special needs students. 



The Little Turtle

Once your students recognize the red and green color, you can follow with letter "a" and the word "apple". They really enjoy this activity because they paint with their little fingers and finally they paste the basket full of red apples on a construction paper and it looks just "BEAUTIFUL".....I hope you enjoy together as we all did.

A is for apple. Pre-school activity

song and fingerplay book

This activity will determine students reading level while improving the speed at which they read. 



Tips:

1. Students should read to themselves and not model any vocabulary, this will improve their reading speed dramatically. 



2. They should use their fingers or a pointer to prevent regression, this can double their reading speed. 



Ask students to apply these reading methods and record their speed each time. The theory is they will see a gradual increase! 



Please feel free to edit the content or select your own media article relevant to you.

Speed Reading & Comprehension

BODY PARTS

It seems that, nowadays, everyone is in a hurry and wants things to happen immediately. We want to do everything faster: communicate fast, move quickly, and talk faster!

But sometimes it's impossible. For example, we know that learning a language is supposed to take a long time. There are different rules and words you have to learn. You have to practice and remember many things.



 



However, you may ask yourself: how can I learn English fast?



On the Internet, you can find many tips and free essays samples(https://www.wowessays.com/free-samples/) on English language teaching. But what tips should you follow to learn English fast? You can choose the learning methods that work best for you. But that means you have to try different ways before you find your favorite. In other words, you have to waste time trying different methodologies that are useless until you find the perfect one.

If you are eager to learn English, then you should pay attention to what the science says!

The science of language learning

Language learning is a critical field of study for scientists. It is because the ability to learn complex languages is something that differentiates humans from animals.

Science knows how the human brain works (for the most part) and the logic behind oral language and learning.

Many scientific studies focus on how humans learn languages. Some research tries to understand how and why we learn words, while others study the benefits of speaking more than one language. Similarly, some studies focus exclusively on babies (who are excellent at learning languages), while others look at adults.

As you can see, there are many studies! What could you do with all this information?

By understanding how and why we learn languages, you can improve your English skills faster and easier.

Check out these scientific studies on how to learn English fast right now!



How to learn English fast with 7 scientific tips



1. Listen to a lot of English



What science says:

Scientists have special terms for one of the ways we learn languages: unconscious or implicit learning. In this kind of education, you don't have to sit at a desk and study grammar rules over and over again.

Implicit learning happens without you even trying. All you have to do is listen to a lot of English without paying attention. When you hear the sound of English in the background, your brain automatically absorbs the sounds, accents, words, and grammar, even if you're not paying attention or taking notes.

The best part is that you can learn without even understanding the meaning of the words. Several studies show that it is possible to learn any language this way. Through this method, several people have learned false languages that scientists invented for their research.

The explanation behind this phenomenon lies in the patterns of language. When you listen to a specific style, you determine patterns. That's the way children learn! Babies don't understand language, so all they can do is look. So they spend all their time listening carefully to the language around them until, in the end, they understand the meanings of the words.

What you can do:

Listen to as much English as you can. Whenever you get a chance, make sure your playback sounds in English, whether in your room or office.

Watch TV programs or listen to music or audiobooks in English. Visit places where you can hear native speakers of the language. You don't have to concentrate too much on listening. You can just walk around, enjoy the scenery, wash the dishes, read a book, exercise, finish your homework, or work while you listen.

It doesn't matter what you do. If you listen to sounds in English, you will soon improve your skills.



2. Know the similarities



What science says:

Luckily, we have some good news. According to this study, all human beings are born with the ability to distinguish sounds that make sense. Although all languages are different, they share some similarities.

For example, even though some English words begin with the letters "BL" (like "blink"), there is no term that starts with the letters "LB." Just try to pronounce that sound. It doesn't make sense! Some sounds don't make any sense, even to babies who can't speak.

What can you do:

Keep this in mind when you're learning English.

If you find a word or sound that doesn't make sense, chances are it doesn't exist in the language.

Also, knowing that some sounds don't exist in English, you can improve your spelling. For example, if you want to spell the word "ghost" correctly and you don't know if the "h" comes before the "g," say the word out loud. If you try to say "ghost," the "GH" sound is meaningless. Right? On the other hand, the "GH" sound is reasonable. Use it!



3. Learn new sounds separately



What science says:

English can change the way your brain works. Surprisingly, if you learn a new language, you can improve your mental abilities! One study found that language learning stimulates the growth of certain parts of the brain. And the higher the growth, the easier it is to learn a new language.

However, the most exciting thing the experiment found is that the brain reacts differently to every sound.

For example, the letters "L" and "R" can be challenging to learn for people whose languages do not have distinct sounds for each letter (like the Japanese). The study found that when native English speakers heard the letters "L" and "R," two parts of the brain were activated. But, in the case of the Japanese, only one part of the brain was activated.

What you can do:

Before you can speak and understand English as a native speaker, you have to learn the sounds. This publication is full of valuable information about English sounds and how they are pronounced.

Determine which sounds are most difficult for you and study them.

How to learn English fast? Some experiments show that you can learn the sounds in as little as an hour if you listen to them at a deficient speed - that's fast!

You don't need any special software to play the sounds slowly, because YouTube does it for you. Find some videos that show the sound (or sounds) you want to hear. For example, this is an excellent video with different words that use the letters "R" and "L."

4. Use word associations



What science says:

Word associations connect words, sounds, movements, ideas, or images. For example, if you hear the music "meow," you associate it with a cat. When you see a picture of the sun, you immediately associate it with the words "sun," "warm," and "hot. It is not something you should think about, as the words come to mind immediately.

Learning English words through association is not only fun but also quite useful. A group of scientists conducted a study on sign language, a form of communication that deaf people have that uses hand and finger movements instead of sounds.

The experiment found that it is much easier to remember signs that resemble the object they represent. For example, it's easy to remember the sign for "eat" because it looks like a person eating, while it's hard to remember signs that don't look like the word.

What you can do:

Learn new words in a group. Combine a name with a picture, a movement, or another word. With this connection in mind, you will be able to remember all the concepts more quickly.

Move your hands and body to show the meaning of the words (at least until you can remember them easily). You can also draw some pictures instead of writing down the definitions of the terms.

One fun activity is to draw the words so that they look like what they mean - look at this example in the Google picture search and follow it! This exercise will not only help you remember the meanings, but also the spelling.



5. Remember patterns, not rules



Can you repeat the pattern? The ability to remember and repeat patterns can be quite useful for learning a new language.

In this research, scientists showed a group of students a set of figures. Languages have patterns. And, if you find the designs, you can learn the language more easily.

What you can do:

Maybe you've already spent time studying the rules of English grammar and spellig. But instead of seeing them as rules, think of them as patterns.

Let's look at an example of regular past tense. The rule says, "To change a regular verb into a past tense, add 'ED' at the end if you can remember the rule verbatim, perfect! For most of us, it's hard to understand what these rules are about unless we see them in action.

To see this rule as a pattern, just pay attention to this group of regular verbs and their past tense conjugation.

Rain - Rained

Want - Wanted

Learn - Learned

See the pattern? Let's take the next step. The next group of words has some differences from the previous one.

Plan - Planned

Rot - Rotted

Stop - Stopped

See the difference? What's the pattern? For these last three verbs, there is a rule that says: "When a verb ends in a consonant or vowel-consonant, the last letter is repeated before adding "ED."

So, the next time you have trouble memorizing the rules, just pay attention to the patterns.



6. Learn Phrases, Not Words



What science says:

ome words have one meaning when they're alone, but a different sense when they're grouped with other words. When you hear or read a sentence in English, look for these groups of words.

For example, the sentence "I ran around" means that you are running around aimlessly. However, if you add two more words, their meaning changes completely. For example: "I ran around the park" = "I ran through the park. It will help you learn more about the sentence and the words in it.

You may not find this surprising, but until recently, linguists believed that humans hear the whole sentence and then break it down into parts. However, one study found that word order can be more important than the entire sentence.

What you can do:

Learning individual words can be difficult, as they may have several meanings. Don't think you can use a name only if you know its general purpose. Therefore, when you want to expand your vocabulary, look for words in sentences.

For example, the word "retrospect" means "to analyze the past state of something. However, you will probably never use this term without putting the word "in" first. For example: "In retrospect, I shouldn't have eaten the whole cake. Study the way words are grouped together, and you will be able to speak English more naturally.



7. Learn with music



What science says:

Remember those nursery rhymes you used to sing when you were a kid? Surely you can still sing them today, even if you learned them a long time ago. How can you remember them so well?

Music is an essential part of children's language learning. That's why there are children's rounds to learn numbers, letters, vowels, and words. Repetition of songs and music helps children remember essential parts of the language.

Adults can also learn more easily through music. Language is generally considered an essential skill, while music is not. However, one study states that the methods for determining music and poetry are very similar and that both skills are equally important. For example, we learn that "ba" and "da" are two different sounds in the same way that we recognize that a trumpet and a piano are two instruments with different sounds.



How to learn English fast 7 methods for learning English according to science

Take fingerprints of students and compare them to find out who changed the grades in the Teacher's book.

Fingerprint Investigation

HALLOWEEN

Use this material to help your student memorize the most common words related to "Parts of the Body". Print these 2 pages and cut the squares up. Then spread them on a table with the images and words facing down. To play each player will have to pair the image with the corresponded word. The player with most number of pairs wins! Vocabulary: mouth, chest, neck, face, ankle, foot / feet, eye, back, arm, tummy/stomach, shoulder, ear, hair, elbow, nose, leg, knee, toe nails, tongue, hand, toes, fingers, teeth, wrist.

Parts of the Body Memory Game

This is a famous and funny game to play with.I think its name in English is "Cootie catcher" or "Paper fortune teller" Can you remember it? You put each part in a finger and ask the oponent for a number. Then manipulate back and forth the number of times you stated. After counting you ask for a colour and you discover the adjective that is written ... 

"Cootie catcher" or "Paper fortune teller"

These are flashcards to form your own farm with the farm animals using popsicles if you want or use these on your fingers by editing it changing the size depending the level. 

FARM ANIMALS

English idioms are an attractive, entertaining part of the language, but sometimes beginners pay too much attention. From this article written by essay-company writers (https://essaycompany.org/), you will learn what idioms are and whether they are worth remembering. The difference between an idiom and a proverb where butterflies in the stomach come from, and what it is that spoon that sucks with fear.



What are idioms?



Idioms or phraseological expressions are stable turns of speech, indecomposable combinations of words, understood, as a rule, in symbolic meaning. The meaning of its constituent words does not determine the importance of the whole expression. Often the sense of an idiom is difficult to guess, to understand from its constituent words if you are not familiar with it.



For example: to be in the same boat. It means "to be in the same situation, to experience the same difficulties.



"I understand your problem. We are in the same boat."



Idioms are called stable, indecomposable combinations because they are used in a fixed form. For example, no one says to sit together in the same boat or be in the same vessel. An idiom is used as a ready-made figurative pattern for some typical situations.



The meaning of the expression about the boat can probably be guessed, primarily when heard in context, but there are idioms whose purpose is impossible to imagine.



"I want to buy a Saturday night special, but I'm scared to own it."



Idioms are called stable, indecomposable combinations because they are used in a fixed form. For example, no one says to sit together in the same boat or be in the same vessel. An idiom is used as a ready-made figurative pattern for some typical situations.



"A rolling stone gathers no moss."



The meaning is a person who often changes his place of residence, occupation, never settles down, does not settle down. Accordingly, the equivalent would be: "he who does not sit still will not make a good living."



How many idioms are there in the English language?



There are thousands of idioms in English, but it is impossible to tell the exact number, just as it is impossible to say the precise number of words in the language. For example, the Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms (M. McCarthy, 1998) has 5782 dictionary entries, but that number doesn't say much.



English idioms are as much living units of speech as words, and their numbers are constantly changing. Some idioms live for centuries, while others quickly go out of use.



English idioms, proverbs, colloquial formulas, phrasal verbs, and other similar units of speech



Idioms can easily be confused with proverbs, various speech patterns, phrasal verbs. Even scientists sometimes find it difficult to distinguish them.



Idioms are a type of formulaiс language - stable, indecomposable expressions that should be understood and taught as a single unit of speech, rather than a group of words.



These patterns include:



1. Greetings and good wishes



How are you? 

Have a good day!



2. Prepositional groups or prepositional phrases



In a minute 

Once in a while



3. Proverbs, sayings, proverbs, quotations.



Bad news travels fast 

Buy the best, and you only cry once 



4. Phrasal verbs.



To look for

To sign in



5. To look for, to look for, sign in, and register. 5.



Blond hair 

Deeply disappointed



6. Conversational speech formulas



You have to be kidding!

Do you see what I'm saying?



7. Idioms



A penny for your thought

To give the green light



As you can see, the line between idioms and similar expressions is sometimes tough to draw. For example, the phrasal verb to look for cannot be called an idiom - there is nothing conversational about it, that is, any symbolic meaning. But the phrasal verb to sail through can easily be confused with an idiom because it has a symbolic meaning.



В idioms, and even more so in various collections of phrases on the Internet, are often found not only in dictionaries but in everything that remotely resembles them. It has at least a hint of idiom, including individual words with symbolic meanings.



How much knowledge of English idioms is necessary?



Sometimes I think that English idioms are almost the first necessity because they are ubiquitous in English.



Honestly, not that often.



It is beneficial and exciting to know idioms, but there is no point in learning them on purpose. Let's consider two cases: knowing idioms for their use in speech and understanding speech or text.



1. Use of idioms in speech



Many idioms have a stylistic coloring, are used in informal speech, are characteristic of some social or age groups. 



2. Understanding idioms



In my experience, I can say that when speaking to native speakers, idioms are rare. Often there are:



colloquial clichés,

phrasal verbs,

sentence groups.



But idioms, that is, turnips with symbolic meaning, like it rains cats and dogs when pigs fly, are rare. Your interlocutors understand that English is not your native language and try to speak without much difficulty.



By the way, many have noticed that when you talk to a foreigner in the company, you understand him well, but when they talk to each other, nothing is understandable. People talk to each other in their everyday language without making allowance for the "foreignness" of the interlocutor, so their speech can be dotted with slang and incomprehensible jokes.



Do I need to learn idioms?



If you have recently started studying English, you still have a small vocabulary, and reading a page of English text gives you a headache. You do not need to learn, memorize English idioms by heart actively. Idioms are quite an advanced part of the language, not a priority initially. If you discover a list of 100 or 200 idioms, in practical terms, it will give you very little because they are not so common, but your head will be scored thoroughly.



But idioms are perceived by many as an attractive, curious part of language, something like amazing facts or "did you know that...?" In that case, idioms can just be read at your leisure as something entertaining.



But if you're actively reading and listening in English, you'll sometimes encounter idioms. I think you should memorize them at a comprehension level, but there is no point in learning them so solidly that you can use them freely in speech - they are not such ordinary and necessary expressions.



Fortunately, memorizing idioms at the comprehension level is relatively easy, thanks to their vividness, imagery, and sometimes an entertaining origin story. The unusual and vivid things are best imprinted on the memory.



Popular English idioms with translation - a selection from personal experience



In conclusion, here is a selection of idioms that I have encountered in practice: I have not read them out of a textbook, but heard them from someone, met them while reading, and for some reason, they stuck in my memory. Here is my list of popular idioms.



Piece of cake - easy as pie, like a piece of cake.



It's an expression I learned as a kid. In Terminator 2, John Connor, the future savior of humanity, hacks into an ATM with some electronic device and steals money from it. "Piece of cake," John says and runs away.



To ring a bell - to remind you of something, to ring a bell.



The idiom has been seen several times in movies and detectives and is remembered because of the imagery. The ringing of a bell symbolizes a sudden thought.



Rule of thumb - A simple rule of thumb, an approximate way of judging letters.



The rule of thumb is a simple, practical method of not measuring something accurately. Linguist Paul Nation likes to use the expression in scientific papers and lectures.



The origin of the idiom is not precisely established. One version says that the "rule of thumb" came from the old carpenters' way of measuring - with a finger, not a measuring instrument. Everyone's fingers, of course, are different, so such a "tape measure" was not distinguished by accuracy but was easy to use. According to another version, the expression came from an alleged law in England, according to which the husband was allowed to beat his spouse with a stick, but not thicker than his thumb.



To have a crush on someone.



The expression is often found in youth comedies, teen literature, and sitcoms such as "The Friends" or "How I Met Your Mother.



Different ball game 



It's an expression I've only heard from one person, but many times. Do you know how some people have favorite words and phrases? Just such a case in point. An acquaintance of mine in America, a kindly elderly uncle who loved to spout wisdom and talk about the old days, used to say things like.



Jumpscare, in horror movies: a sudden frightening of the viewer, literally: a jump scare.



One of the essential and most effective scare tools in the horror movie and game makers' arsenal, which is why I don't like the genre. In its most primitive form, it looks like this.



The hero sneaks down the dark hallway of a vampire castle with a flashlight, the music building up a tense atmosphere. He approaches a large mirror on the wall, and then there is a rustle, and a shadow flashes behind him. The hero sharply turns around and sees that it is just a mouse. He exhales and says, "It's just a damn mouse!" and turns to the mirror, AND THERE!!! Plus a robust and squealing sound effect. Such scares make the viewer jump on the spot (apparently, hence the name).



The device is hackneyed among genre fans who have resorted to it in a cheap horror movie. In good horror, scare in much more subtle, profound ways, forcing not just the occasional jumping out, dropping popcorn, and the entire film to sit in suspense, and by the end just burning your nervous system to the ground.



I was introduced to this cinematic term when I watched the walkthrough of the super scary game PT on YouTube. Someone wrote in the comments that the frequent use of jump scare frustrated him - such a good game and such a cheap trick.



The bottom line is the gist, summary, lit.: bottom line, bottom line, bottom line.



This idiom means approximately the same: inference, conclusion. For example, a long article may end with a paragraph called "Conclusion" or "The Bottom Line. 



Street smart 



I heard the expression in a conversation with an American journalist, John Alpert. He said he had never been super bright, except for being street smart.



Street smart is a smartness acquired not at school and over books, but on the street, in life, in everyday life. It is also understood in a narrower sense: the ability to survive on the street.

56 Finger English ESL worksheets pdf & doc